Fri. Jan 10th, 2025

Climatic Change

  1. What is the effect of a drop in solar radiation by 2-3 percent for 50 years in continuation according to the computer model?

    Options:
    1. The onset of Interglacial period
    2. Measurable climatic changes in terms of changes in temperature and precipitation
    3. The extension of glaciers and their advances
    4. Regeneration of glaciation and reactivation of older glaciers

    Option: D

  2. According to Simpson’s theory, what is the consequence of a decrease in solar radiation?

    Options:
    1. The extension of glaciers and their advances
    2. The onset of interglacial period
    3. The melting of ice sheets and glaciers and their retreat
    4. The increase in atmospheric temperature

    Option: C

  3. What is the relation between sunspot activity and variations in solar irradiance?

    Options:
    1. Sunspot activity is not related to variations in solar irradiance
    2. Increased sunspot activity leads to an increase in solar irradiance
    3. Decreased sunspot activity leads to an increase in solar irradiance
    4. Both increased and decreased sunspot activity leads to variations in solar irradiance

    Option: D

  4. What is the range of the period of one cycle of sunspot activity?

    Options:
    1. 8-9 years to 35 years
    2. 8-9 years to 80 years
    3. 16 years to 35 years
    4. 16 years to 80 years

    Option: D

  5. What is the estimated increase in ultraviolet radiation from the sun’s surface at the time of maximum sunspot activity?

    Options:
    1. 10 times
    2. 15 times
    3. 20 times
    4. 25 times

    Option: C

  6. What is the prolonged period of minimum sunspot activity called?

    Options:
    1. Maunder Maximum
    2. Solar Minimum
    3. Maunder Minimum
    4. Sunspot Minimum

    Option: C

  7. What effect is the prolonged period of Maunder Minimum supposed to introduce on the Earth’s surface and its atmosphere?

    Options:
    1. Warming
    2. Cooling
    3. No effect
    4. Increased rainfall

    Option: B

  8. What effect is the prolonged period of maximum sunspot activity likely to cause?

    Options:
    1. Warming
    2. Cooling
    3. No effect
    4. Increased rainfall

    Option: A

  9. What is the percentage of incoming solar radiation scattered by dust particles and haze?

    Options:
    1. 6%
    2. 17%
    3. 23%
    4. 40%

    Option: C

  10. What is the scattering of incoming solar radiation waves by dust particles called?

    Options:
    1. Diffuse reflection
    2. Absorption
    3. Refraction
    4. Diffraction

    Option: A

  11. What effect does a sudden increase in dust particles caused by violent volcanic eruptions have on the temperature of the Earth’s surface at its lower atmosphere?

    Options:
    1. Increases the temperature
    2. Has no effect
    3. Reduces the temperature
    4. Causes fluctuations in temperature

    Option: C

  12. Which part of the atmosphere controls weather and climate at the Earth’s surface?

    Options:
    1. Stratosphere
    2. Mesosphere
    3. Thermosphere
    4. Lower atmosphere

    Option: D

  13. What is the name of the hypothesis that suggests atmospheric dust particles reduce the amount of solar radiant energy reaching the Earth’s surface?

    Options:
    1. Solar Radiation Hypothesis
    2. Atmospheric Particulate Hypothesis
    3. Atmospheric Dust Hypothesis
    4. Radiant Energy Reduction Hypothesis

    Option: B

  14. What was the impact of the eruption of this volcano on the environment?

    Options:
    1. It caused a 3-day blackout.
    2. It resulted in a 20% reduction in solar radiation.
    3. It caused a 2% drop in solar radiation.
    4. It had no impact on the environment.

    Option: A

  15. Which volcanic eruption resulted in a 20% reduction in solar radiation at the earth’s surface?

    Options:
    1. The eruption of Mt. Kilauea in Hawaii in 1959.
    2. The eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991.
    3. The eruption of Mt. St. Helens in the USA in 1980.
    4. The eruption of Mt. Katmai in Alaska in 1912.

    Option: D

  16. Do all major volcanic eruptions cause a lowering of temperatures?

    Options:
    1. Yes, it is a general belief that all major volcanic eruptions cause a lowering of temperatures.
    2. No, empirical studies have shown that there is no correlation between major volcanic eruptions and lowering of temperatures.
    3. It depends on the volume of ejected volcanic dusts and gases.
    4. Both a and

    Option: C

  17. Which two indices have been prepared recently to measure the impact of volcanic eruptions on climate change?

    Options:
    1. Volcanic Explosive Index and Solar Radiation Index.
    2. Dust Veil Index and Solar Radiation Index.
    3. Volcanic Explosive Index and Dust Veil Index.
    4. Climate Change Index and Dust Veil Index.

    Option: C

  18. What is the significance of the resident period of volcanic dusts and gases for glacial climate?

    Options:
    1. Short-term resident period causes only local effects on weather and climate.
    2. Long-term resident period can initiate a glacial perio
    3. Both a and
    4. None of the above.

    Option: B

  19. What has a significant control on weather and climate?

    Options:
    1. Changes in the gaseous composition of the atmosphere.
    2. Changes in the transparency of the atmosphere.
    3. Modification of energy in transit.
    4. All of the above.

    Option: D

  20. What is the definition of greenhouse effect?

    Options:
    1. The cooling effect of man-made carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
    2. The warming effect of man-made carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
    3. The reflection of solar radiation by the earth’s surface
    4. The absorption of infrared radiation by the atmosphere

    Option: B