Wed. Jul 1st, 2026

Earth Interior

  1. The average density of the Earth as calculated by modern studies is closest to?

    Options:
    1. 2.6 g cm-3 to 3.3 g cm-3
    2. 3.0 to 3.5 at different places
    3. 5.48 g cm-3
    4. 5.517 g cm-3

    Option: D

  2. What was the average density of the Earth calculated by Poynting in 1878?

    Options:
    1. 2.6 g cm-3 to 3.3 g cm-3
    2. 3.0 to 3.5 at different places
    3. 5.48 g cm-3
    4. 5.49 g cm-3

    Option: D

  3. The core of the Earth, which lies deepest inside, has an estimated density close to?

    Options:
    1. 2.6 g cm-3 to 3.3 g cm-3
    2. 3.0 to 3.5 at different places
    3. 5.517 g cm-3
    4. 11 g cm-3

    Option: D

  4. Based on the average density of Earth, scientists can infer that?

    Options:
    1. Nothing can be inferred
    2. Made only of sedimentary rocks
    3. Made only of crystalline rocks
    4. Several inferences can be drawn

    Option: D

  5. What is the density range of the second rock layer beneath the sedimentary cover?

    Options:
    1. 0.8 km to 1.6 km
    2. 2.6 g cm-3 to 3.3 g cm-3
    3. 3.0 to 3.5 at different places
    4. 11.0 g cm-3

    Option: C

  6. Why is the explanation of high density of the core only due to pressure considered wrong?

    Options:
    1. Pressure cannot increase density
    2. Density increase has a critical limit
    3. Overlying rocks are not heavy enough
    4. None of the above

    Option: B

  7. The unusually high temperature in continental crust is explained by?

    Options:
    1. Disintegration of radioactive minerals
    2. Increase in depth
    3. Continental drift
    4. Plate tectonics

    Option: A

  8. What is the estimated temperature at the boundary of mantle and outer molten core at 2900 km depth?

    Options:

    Option: D

  9. At about 5150 km depth, what is the estimated temperature at the junction of outer molten and inner solid core?

    Options:

    Option: D

  10. According to deep borehole and mining studies, what is the average rate of geothermal gradient near surface?

    Options:

    Option: B

  11. Beyond what depth does it become very difficult to measure geothermal gradient accurately?

    Options:
    1. 5 km
    2. 8 km
    3. 10 km
    4. 15 km

    Option: B

  12. In tectonically active regions, the temperature at just 43 km depth can reach?

    Options:

    Option: C

  13. Which property of Earth provides the most reliable information about its internal structure?

    Options:
    1. Average density
    2. Magnetic field
    3. Moment of inertia
    4. Shape of the Earth

    Option: C

  14. What type of seismic wave is the fastest among all?

    Options:
    1. P waves
    2. S waves
    3. L waves
    4. Surface waves

    Option: A

  15. Which seismic wave cannot travel through liquids?

    Options:
    1. P waves
    2. S waves
    3. L waves
    4. Both P and S waves

    Option: B

  16. Seismic waves are studied under which branch of science?

    Options:
    1. Volcanology
    2. Seismology
    3. Geomorphology
    4. Tectonics

    Option: B

  17. What happens to the velocity of P waves when they enter the core?

    Options:
    1. Increases rapidly
    2. Becomes zero
    3. Decreases sharply
    4. Remains constant

    Option: C

  18. The S wave shadow zone helps in proving the existence of which part of Earth?

    Options:
    1. Inner core
    2. Outer core
    3. Mantle
    4. Crust

    Option: B

  19. The boundary between crust and mantle is called?

    Options:
    1. Lehmann discontinuity
    2. Gutenberg discontinuity
    3. Conrad discontinuity
    4. Mohorovicic discontinuity

    Option: D

  20. Which discontinuity separates the mantle and the core?

    Options:
    1. Mohorovicic discontinuity
    2. Gutenberg discontinuity
    3. Conrad discontinuity
    4. Lehmann discontinuity

    Option: B