What is frequently selected as an ideal areal unit for the analysis of forms and processes of a region delineated by the basin perimeter?
Options:
Physiographic regions
Drainage basins
Physiographic atoms
None of the above
Option: B
What is a drainage basin?
Options:
A political unit used for geographical study.
A natural unit used for geographical study.
A unit of measurement for rainfall.
A unit of measurement for river depth.
Option: B
Who divided France into provinces based on the basins of Garonne, Lorie, Seine, and Rhone-Saone?
Options:
R.E. Horton
Fawcett
V. Miller
Jean Bruhnes
Option: D
Why was the drainage basin taken to be a substitute for the political unit as the real unit for geographical study?
Options:
Because political units are too large to study in detail.
Because political units change too often.
Because the concept of a watershed as a natural boundary for the geographical unit came into conflict.
Because drainage basins are easier to study than political units.
Option: C
Who first presented an elaborate account of drainage basin characteristics and acknowledged the drainage basin as a “morphometric system”?
Options:
N. Strahler
J. Maxwell
R.E. Horton
S. Schumm
Option: C
What did the morphometric proposals made by Horton lead to?
Options:
Studies of variation in network characteristics and investigation of statistical or topological properties of the network.
Studies of river depth and velocity.
Studies of rainfall patterns.
Studies of the influence of humans on river systems.
Option: A
What is the primary input of a drainage basin?
Options:
Surface runoff
Groundwater
Rainfall
Stem flow
Option: C
What is the term used to describe rainwater that is retained by the leaves of vegetation?
Options:
Surface runoff
Throughfall
Stem flow
Interception storage
Option: D
What happens to some portion of the rainwater in interception storage?
Options:
It reaches the ground surface as stem flow.
It is lost to the atmosphere through evapo-transpiration.
It remains on the ground surface.
It infiltrates down.
Option: B
What happens to rainwater when the ground surface of a drainage basin is devoid of vegetation cover?
Options:
It reaches the ground surface directly as throughfall.
It forms surface storage.
It infiltrates down.
It becomes surface runoff.
Option: A
What is the term used to describe the rainwater that moves downslope as surface runoff?
Options:
Stem flow
Throughfall
Interception storage
Surface storage
Option: D
What is the process of water movement in a drainage basin?
Options:
Water moves only through evaporation and plant transpiration.
Water moves only through seepage and springs.
Water moves through evaporation, plant transpiration, seepage, springs, through flow, interflow, percolation, base flow, capillary rise, and deep transfer.
Water does not move in a drainage basin.
Option: C
What is basin morphometry?
Options:
The study of plant morphology in a drainage basin.
The study of animal behavior in a drainage basin.
The study of the characteristics of linear, areal, and relief aspects of a drainage basin.
The study of the geological history of a drainage basin.
Option: C
What are linear aspects of a drainage basin?
Options:
Aspects related to the shape of the basin.
Aspects related to the relief of the basin.
Aspects related to the channel patterns of the drainage network.
Aspects related to the distribution of vegetation in the basin.
Option: C
What is stream ordering?
Options:
The determination of the hierarchical position of a stream within a drainage basin.
The process of ordering streams based on their length.
The process of ordering streams based on their width.
The process of ordering streams based on their depth.
Option: A
According to Horton’s scheme, when does the stream order increase?
Options:
When two streams of different orders join together.
When a stream or streams of lower order join a stream of higher order.
When two streams of the same order meet.
When a stream receives tributaries of higher orders than its own.
Option: C
Why is Horton’s scheme considered time-consuming and tedious?
Options:
It involves classification and reclassification of streams several times.
It requires extensive mathematical calculations.
It only considers length and linear extension for reclassification.
It does not take into account finger-tip tributaries.
Option: A
What modification did Strahler make to Horton’s scheme?
Options:
He eliminated the concept of stream order.
He considered only the length and linear extension of streams.
He removed the problem of reclassification and renumbering of streams.
He only considered finger-tip tributaries for stream classification.
Option: C
How does the stream order increase in Strahler’s scheme?
Options:
When two streams of different orders join together.
When a stream or streams of lower order join a stream of higher order.
When two streams of the same order meet.
When a stream receives tributaries of higher orders than its own.
Option: C
What advantage does Strahler’s scheme have over Horton’s scheme?
Options:
It can be derived mathematically from the concepts of elementary combinational analysis.
It is more suitable for smaller drainage basins.
It is less time-consuming than Horton’s scheme.
It considers all finger-tip tributaries for stream classification.
