Geological Structure of India
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Peninsular rocks of India are rich in various minerals, forming a cornerstone of the country’s economic landscape. These ancient rock formations host significant reserves of several key resources. Which of the following minerals are found in the Peninsular rocks?
Options:
Option: C
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Dharwar system, a Precambrian rock classification, is mainly sedimentary in origin and rests on gneisses. These rocks are notably enriched in certain metallic minerals, making them significant economic resources. Which two metallic minerals are found in abundance in the Dharwar system, notably in Bellary district, Mysore, and the Aravalis of Rajputana?
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Option: B
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The geological structure of India broadly follows its physical features, grouped into three regions: the Himalayas and associated mountains, the Indo-Ganga Plain, and the Peninsular Shield. Most of the Himalayan mountain belt, now featuring magnificent scenery, was under marine conditions millions of years ago. Approximately how many million years ago was this area under marine conditions?
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Option: A
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Deccan Traps, formed by massive flood basalt eruptions, were a consequence of the Indian Plate passing over a geological hotspot. This event also had a role in continental separation. The Reunion hotspot, which caused the Deccan Traps, is also thought to have caused the separation of which two landmasses?
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Option: D
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Upper Paleozoic in India saw the deposition of the Permo-Carboniferous glacio-fluvial sediments, known as the Gondwanas series. These sediments were then overlain by rocks resulting from a marine transgression. When did this Permian marine transgression, which deposited sediments over the Gondwanas series, occur?
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Option: C
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Aravalli Range, despite its ancient origins, is currently facing significant environmental threats. These threats are leading to various adverse consequences for the ecological balance of the region. Which of the following is identified as a threat causing environmental degradation to the Aravalli Range?
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Option: B
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Indian Plate is still moving north-east and continues to interact with the Eurasian plate. This interaction leads to continuous deformation and compression. At what rate, in millimeters per year, is the Indian plate currently compressing?
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Option: A
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The High Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (HHCS) is a major nappe thrust over the Lesser Himalaya. While most of its metasediments are of late Proterozoic to early Cambrian age, much younger metasediments can also be found in several areas. Which of the following areas is mentioned as having Mesozoic metasediments within the HHCS?
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Option: D
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India’s sedimentary basins are important for hydrocarbon exploration, and their categorization helps prioritize efforts. Category-I basins are those with reserves and active production. How many basins are grouped under Category-I based on conventional resource potential?
Options:
Option: C
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Cenozoic Era’s Tertiary period saw valuable deposits of petroleum and coal. Sandstones of Eocene age are found in Punjab, which grade into chalky limestones with oil seepages. Towards the east, in Assam, specific limestones are associated with oil. Which type of limestone is found in the Khasi hills of Assam, associated with oil of Oligo-Miocene age?
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Option: A
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Mesozoic Era in India included the Triassic period, characterized by specific geological formations. The Ceratite beds are a notable feature of this period, named after a particular ammonite. What are the Ceratite beds primarily composed of?
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Option: B
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The geology of India includes major rock groups, with the Indian Shield consisting of Archean gneisses and schists, the oldest rocks. The Precambrian rocks are classified into the Dharwar system and the Archaean system. Which statement accurately describes the Archaean system?
Options:
Option: D
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Indian Plate’s collision with the Eurasian Plate resulted in the formation of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. The upper crustal shortening is significantly less than the total convergence. How much crustal shortening was accommodated by thrusting and folding of the sediments of the passive Indian margin and deformation of the Tibetan crust, according to one proposed mechanism?
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Option: C
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Peninsular region of India is known for its relative stability, but it also experiences occasional seismic disturbances. This area contains highly metamorphosed rocks dating back billions of years, forming its ancient foundation. Approximately how far back do the highly metamorphosed rocks of the earliest periods in the Peninsula date?
Options:
Option: A
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India’s Sedimentary Basins are classified based on the maturity of hydrocarbon resources. Category-II basins, holding “contingent resources,” are moderately appraised for their hydrocarbon potential. What percentage of the country’s total appraised area do these five Category-II basins cover?
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Option: D
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Aravalli Range is ecologically significant, playing a crucial role in water resource distribution as a watershed. It separates two major river basins in India. Which two major river basins does the Aravalli Range act as a watershed between?
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Option: B
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Dharwar System rocks are economically important for various mineral deposits, including manganese. Manganese deposits are found in almost all geological formations but are mainly associated with the Dharwar system. Which of the following states is a major producer of manganese, with mines located in districts like Dharwad, Bellary, and Chitradurg?
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Option: C
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The geological structure of India includes the Deccan Traps, Gondwana, and Vindhyan regions. The Gondwana sediments form a unique sequence of fluviatile rocks. During which geological time period were these Gondwana sediments deposited?
Options:
Option: B
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The geological structure of India is unique because it represents a combination of old stable landmass and young mountain systems. Which part is considered the most stable block?
Options:
Option: A
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The Peninsular Block of India is one of the oldest landmasses of the world, formed during Precambrian time. Which rock system dominates this block?
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Option: C