Tue. Jun 25th, 2024

Theory of Isostasy

  1. What is the relationship between the height of reliefs and their density according to Pratt’s concept?

    Options:
    1. They are directly relate
    2. They are inversely relate
    3. They are not relate
    4. They fluctuate randomly.

    Option: B

  2. What is the law of compensation according to Pratt?

    Options:
    1. Density does not change within one column but it changes from one column to other columns above the level of compensation.
    2. Density changes both above and below the level of compensation.
    3. Density remains constant within each column.
    4. Density only changes in the lithosphere.

    Option: A

  3. What is the central theme of Pratt’s concept on isostasy?

    Options:
    1. The law of floatation.
    2. The law of compensation.
    3. The law of uniform depth.
    4. The law of root form action.

    Option: B

  4. According to Bowie, what is the relationship between Pratt’s concept and the law of floatation?

    Options:
    1. They are unrelate
    2. Pratt's concept indirectly supports the law of floatation.
    3. Pratt's concept directly contradicts the law of floatation.
    4. Pratt's concept and the law of floatation are identical.

    Option: B

  5. What is the fundamental difference between the views of Airy and Pratt on isostasy according to Bowie?

    Options:
    1. Airy believes in the law of compensation while Pratt does not.
    2. Airy believes in the law of floatation while Pratt does not.
    3. Airy believes in uniform depth with varying density while Pratt believes in equal mass along the line of compensation.
    4. Airy believes in varying density with uniform depth while Pratt believes in equal surface area underlying equal mass.

    Option: C

  6. What did Archdeacon Pratt calculate during the geodetic survey of Kaliana and Kalianpur?

    Options:
    1. The density of the Himalayas
    2. The height of the Himalayas
    3. The gravitational deflection difference
    4. The average density of the Himalayas

    Option: C

  7. According to Pratt, where does density vary?

    Options:
    1. Lithosphere only
    2. Pyrosphere only
    3. Barysphere only
    4. Both lithosphere and pyrosphere

    Option: A

  8. What is the central theme of the concept of Pratt on isostasy?

    Options:
    1. Uniform depth with varying density
    2. The law of floatation
    3. The law of compensation
    4. Root form action

    Option: C

  9. Who propounded the concept of isostasy?

    Options:
    1. Airy
    2. Pratt
    3. Hayford and Bowie
    4. All of the above

    Option: C

  10. What is the plane of compensation?

    Options:
    1. A plane where there is complete compensation of the crustal parts
    2. A plane where there is no compensation of the crustal parts
    3. A plane where there is complete compression of the crustal parts
    4. A plane where there is complete expansion of the crustal parts

    Option: A

  11. What is the relationship between the height of columns of crust and their respective densities according to Hayford and Bowie?

    Options:
    1. Direct relationship
    2. Inverse relationship
    3. No relationship
    4. Random relationship

    Option: B

  12. What is the level of compensation supposedly located at?

    Options:
    1. 10 km depth
    2. 100 km depth
    3. 1000 km depth
    4. 10000 km depth

    Option: B

  13. What is the main idea behind the concept of isostasy?

    Options:
    1. The Earth's crust is made up of different types of rock
    2. The height of mountains is directly related to their density
    3. There is a balance between the weight of the Earth's crust and the underlying mantle
    4. The ocean floor is denser than the continental crust

    Option: C

  14. According to Hayford and Bowie, where is the zone where density is uniform in lateral direction?

    Options:
    1. Above the plane of compensation
    2. Below the plane of compensation
    3. At the plane of compensation
    4. There is no such zone

    Option: B

  15. What is the main similarity between the views of Airy and Pratt on isostasy according to Bowie?

    Options:
    1. They both believed in the concept of root formation
    2. They both believed in the law of floatation
    3. They both believed in the concept of isostasy
    4. They had no similarity in their views

    Option: C

  16. Who contradicted the concept of Hayford and Bowie regarding the existence of a level of compensation at a depth of 100 km?

    Options:
    1. Joly
    2. Airy
    3. Wooldridge
    4. Morgan

    Option: A

  17. Why did Joly disapprove the view of Hayford and Bowie?

    Options:
    1. Because they believed in a zonal phenomenon instead of a linear one
    2. Because the temperature at a depth of 100 km would be too high for a level of compensation to exist
    3. Because geological events could easily disturb the level of compensation
    4. All of the above

    Option: D

  18. According to Joly, is the level of compensation a linear or zonal phenomenon?

    Options:
    1. Linear
    2. Zonal
    3. Both
    4. Neither

    Option: B

  19. What is the thickness of the zone of compensation according to Joly’s concept?

    Options:
    1. 100 km
    2. 16 km
    3. 10 miles
    4. 10 km

    Option: C

  20. What is the relationship between Joly’s concept and the law of floatation?

    Options:
    1. Joly explicitly mentioned the law of floatation in his concept
    2. Joly's concept is closer to the Airy's concept than the concept of Hayford and Bowie, which is in close agreement with the law of floatation
    3. Joly's concept is in contradiction with the law of floatation
    4. Joly's concept has nothing to do with the law of floatation

    Option: B